What's rain drop

Rain fade, also known as rain attenuation, is a phenomenon that occurs in satellite communication channels where the strength of the signal is reduced due to the absorption and scattering of electromagnetic waves by raindrops or other types of precipitation in the atmosphere.

When a satellite signal passes through a region of heavy rain, the water droplets in the atmosphere can scatter and absorb some of the signal's energy, causing a decrease in the signal strength. This can result in a loss of data or a complete interruption of the communication channel.

The severity of rain fade depends on several factors, including the frequency of the signal, the size and density of the raindrops, and the distance between the satellite and the receiver. Higher frequency signals are more susceptible to attenuation, and rain fade is typically more severe in tropical regions where heavy rainfall is more common.

To mitigate the effects of rain fade, satellite communication systems often use techniques such as error correction codes, signal diversity, and power control to maintain signal integrity during periods of heavy rain or other atmospheric interference.